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Symptoms and treatment of urological conditions in men, including an enlarged prostate (BPH), prostatitis and prostate cancer.
[ Enlarged prostate / Prostatitis / Prostate cancer ]
A urological condition that half of adult men experience at least once in their lifetime.
Without proper treatment, it can lead to reduced sexual function and a lower quality of life.
Prostate symptoms
01 Enlarged prostate symptoms
- Frequent urination
- Incomplete emptying (feeling you have not finished)
- Weak stream (a thinner urine flow)
- Waking at night to urinate
- Dribbling
- Trouble starting to urinate
02 Prostatitis symptoms
- Pelvic pain
- Painful ejaculation
- Frequent urination
- High fever
- Chills
- Erectile dysfunction
03 Prostate cancer symptoms
- Difficulty urinating
- Blood in the urine
- Cancer-related bone pain or fractures
What is an enlarged prostate?
- Urethra comparison: normal urethra / prostate pressing on the urethra
The prostate cells increase in number rather than in size. Symptoms fall into two groups: voiding symptoms and storage symptoms.
- Voiding symptoms: incomplete emptying, straining, interrupted flow, weak stream
- Storage symptoms: frequent urination, waking at night to urinate, urgency, lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)
The main problem with an enlarged prostate is the range of urinary symptoms caused when it presses on the urethra.
Treating an enlarged prostate
Medication
Medication that blocks sympathetic nerve signals (alpha-blockers) relaxes the muscles of the prostate and bladder to help ease urinary symptoms
Surgery
Endoscopic surgery that uses a laser or plasma to vaporize or remove prostate tissue, or implants and other methods to keep the urinary passage open
What is prostatitis?
Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate. If at some point you find yourself needing to urinate often, and still feel you have not finished after you go, it may well be a sign of a prostate problem.
These symptoms often get worse the next day after work stress, company dinners or heavy drinking.
What causes prostatitis?
After urethritis
After holding urine for a long time
When no causative bacteria can be found
Poor anal or bowel function
Immune-related causes
Stones in the prostate
Treating prostatitis
General care
Improving circulation and keeping a regular sex life; avoiding caffeine, alcohol, and salty or spicy food; avoiding activities that irritate the prostate, such as cycling or riding a motorcycle; and avoiding long periods of sitting or holding urine for a long time.
Medication
Antibiotics that can pass into the prostate, alpha-blockers, anti-inflammatories, muscle relaxants and anti-anxiety medication are given as needed.
Magnetic stimulation therapy
In extracorporeal magnetic stimulation, a treatment chair creates a strong magnetic field that induces a therapeutic current in the body. When this current reaches the pelvic area, it stimulates the nerves there to help relieve non-specific symptoms caused by prostatitis.
What is prostate cancer?
The prostate is a reproductive organ that makes prostatic fluid, which accounts for about one-third of semen. In adults it weighs about 20 g and is shaped like a chestnut. Prostate cancer is cancer that develops in the prostate, and it is not directly related to an enlarged prostate.
Prostate cancer treatment
Radical prostatectomy
Open, laparoscopic or robot-assisted prostatectomy
Radiation therapy
Can be given with the aim of a cure for low-risk patients, and as salvage therapy if the cancer comes back